NITI Aayog stressed the significance of quantum computing for national security

Innovations in quantum computing, such as Error Correction (like Google's Willow Chip with a self-checking mechanism), Enhanced Qubit Control and Fidelity (which improves accuracy), and Longer Qubit Coherence (which adds stability), are shifting the focus of national security in several ways.

To accelerate India's transition into a Frontier Tech Nation, NITI Ayog recently established the NITI Frontier Tech Hub as a Frontier Tech Action Tank.

The role of quantum computing in national defence

Fault-tolerant quantum computers that can decipher public-key encryption techniques make online banking, communications, and internet security obsolete.

Intelligence gathering: Complex and extensive data processing can lead to enhanced signal intelligence, unparalleled interception, and counterintelligence activities.

Military Applications: Quantum algorithms can optimize logistics, resource allocation, and battlefield strategy. For example, quantum-enabled artificial intelligence (QAI) can power robotic systems and autonomous military drones.

Quantum geopolitics: Early breakthroughs and competition will determine future global power.

The primary recommendations are

Continuous Surveillance and Cryptographic Intelligence: Establish a team to keep an eye on global quantum advancements and assess vulnerabilities in critical national systems.

Transition Strategy for Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC): A roadmap and transition based on risk prioritization should be part of it.

Agreements for Technology Access: Form bilateral partnerships to swiftly put procedures that offer scalability in this field into place.